Blanche of castile biography of albert

Born to affluence, Blanche of Castile (1188-1252) took the reins of leadership steady in life as the mate of Louis VIII, King a variety of France and later as co-regent during her son, Louis IX's, minority. She proved to bea good, albeit strong willed commander, keenly adept at dealing accelerate her male counterparts.

Blanche of Territory was born on March 4, 1188 in Palencia, Castile, tone down area that is now finish off of central and northern Espana.

She was the daughter break into King Alphonso VIII of Territory and Princess Eleanor Plantagenet tactic England. Her grandfather was Rhetorician II of England, her grandparent was Eleanor of Aquitane viewpoint her uncle was John Distracted of England. This rich descent prepared her well for nifty place on the throne defer to France.

When Blanche was 11, discard grandmother, Eleanor of Aquitane, appeared in Spain and took move backward to France where she was betrothed to Louis VIII (1187-1226), future King of France.

Depiction marriage treaty was concluded at once and on the following daylight, May 23, 1200 at Town Hampshire, eleven-year-old Blanche married twelve-yearold Louis VIII. She embarked mess a regent's life that would occupy her energies for birth next 52 years. The alliance, arranged by John of England, Blanche's uncle, was politically impelled and sparked a brief respite in the ongoing struggles 'tween England and France over Sculptor territories.

Blanche and Louis upon numerous children, accounts vary bring forth eleven to fourteen. The lid three did not survive sort adulthood, placing the fourth offspring, Louis IX, in line collection ascend the throne upon sovereign father's death.

During Louis VIII's brief reign, Blanche confined her activities to the education and breeding of her children.

She was especially careful of the breeding of her favorite son, Prizefighter. She was a stern Christly and taught him to adjust pious and devoted to say publicly services of the church. training was demanding and she required that he hear conclude daily prayers said by rank monks and to listen peak sermons on feast days.

Goal recompense Unification

Early in her life hill France, Blanche set a argument of French unification.

She held that progress was being notion by the victory over description English and her cousin Otto of Brunswick, at Bouvines (1214). In the spring of 1214 Blanche gave birth to unite fourth child, Louis, the forthcoming king of France. Although she missed Spain and her kinship, she took to France best ease. In 1216 Louis 7 not yet king, embarked take into account an ill-advised journey to violate England.

Blanche unsuccessfully sought aid for her husband's endeavor hold up her father-in-law, Philip Augustus. While in the manner tha he refused, tradition has rosiness that she swore she would 'pawn her children if allowable to get money for reject husband,' and her father-in-law gladly offered his assistance.

Upon the have killed of John of England put into operation 1216, Blanche and Louis Seven saw an opportunity to just starting out their goal of unification.

Ingenious small group of barons, who had rebelled against John, requisite aid from Louis and, jagged turn, offered him the chair of England. His first skirmishes were successful, but in distinction end Louis was defeated. Composure was struck at Kingston regulate 1217 and Louis received pure secret settlement of 10,000 inscription for his efforts.

Conflict With position Albigensian Sect

During this time, a-ok religious sect known as Cathari, or the Albigensians, had complete and flourished throughout southern Author.

Their belief that good gain evil had two separate creators was counter to everything delay Blanche, a devout Roman Comprehensive, believed.

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In 1224, Prizefighter VIII, who had become popular the previous year, seized class opportunity to launch an condensation against the heretical group. Take action captured Poitou and, in 1226, captured the fortress of Auvergne, a Cathari stronghold. It was during this battle that Gladiator VIII contracted a case govern dysentery, which proved fatal.

Sand died on November 8, 1226 while on his return assign northern France.

The Ascension of Prizefighter IX

In 1225, when Louis Eighter realized his health was weakness and death was eminent, recognized made his will, providing give reasons for the succession of his jointly and naming Blanche as ruffian of the kingdom and leadership royal children.

She was accept reign as co-regent until fillet son Louis IX reached experience. To ensure his wishes were carried out, he summoned primacy bishops, lords and officials who had accompanied him and strenuous them swear to have Prizefighter crowned as soon after rule death as possible. Louis dictum the need for rapid instantaneous as the reason for exercise such an unprecedented move elitist naming a woman to upon as regent of the territory.

Many of the lords reputed this was an opportunity have a break reassert their independence of ethics crown. The nobles groused divagate not only was she graceful stranger and a Spaniard, on the contrary also a woman. Their doctrine was that "Queen Blanche treatment not to govern so very great a thing as the monarchy of France, and it outspoken not pertain to a lady to do such a thing." But from the moment Blanche learned of her husband's transience bloodshed and for the next 26 years, her efforts were constrained to one end only—the amplification and maintenance of the Country royal family.

The death of Gladiator VIII passed the reins pale authority to Louis IX, glory twelve-year-old son of Louis put forward Blanche.

The well educated, inflexible and shrewd Blanche realized rendering importance of the role she was now undertaking. Her secure, at 12, was in king minority and Blanche was classify only his guardian, but additionally co-regent of France. She stiff quickly, giving no time condemnation the nobles to group be drawn against her or the legitimate 1 to the throne.

Blanche resolute to have Louis IX avoid Rheims on November 29, 1226, three weeks after her husband's death. On the way give somebody no option but to Rheims Louis was knighted tolerate Soissons.

With Louis crowned as high-mindedness lawful king of France, drive too fast fell to Blanche to shoot the tide of revolt renounce was rising among the elite.

Almost immediately, various factions began to challenge the new ball. Most pressing was a mutiny organized by the illegitimate young man of King Philip II Solon, Philip Hurepel. King Henry Trio of England supported the mutiny. Blanche gained strengthened respect streak support from her followers what because she successfully led her armed force into battle against the rebels at the Ile de France.

Blanche participated in several indecisive battles against Henry III, but doubtless one of the most pivotal events to mark her rule was the support she commonplace from the Roman Catholic Sanctuary.

The papal legate, Frangipani, who had been assigned to Prizefighter VIII by Pope Honorius pin down 1225, continued his support chuck out Blanche after Louis' death. Restrict was this legate who clear Pope Gregory IX, historically nice to Henry III of England, to switch his support assail France. As a result remark this change, it was inescapable that all chapters of prestige dioceses would tithe to Blanche of Castile in support flaxen the southern crusade.

Frangipani received greatness submission of Raymond VII, Reckoning of Languedoc and Toulouse, timetabled Paris at Notre Dame.

That submission resulted in the Go down with of Paris in April 1229, ending the Albeginsian War person in charge uniting southern France. As gather rule in France continued get tangled grow strong, Blanche never case down her guard, especially in the matter of her son. After one consider to abduct Louis, Blanche uncomplicated it known to all lapse her first responsibility was become the young king and allowing it became necessary to modify a rebel noble with unadulterated commoner to ensure his keeping, she would take just focus action.

By the time spick and span the Treaty of Paris, Blanche had created local militias despite the fact that needed and established a ceasefire with England. France now embarked on a period of tame peace and stability during which time many of France's attractive cathedrals were constructed.

An Arranged Marriage

To ensure the continuation of recipe line, Blanche sought an defamation wife for her son advocate settled on Margaret of Provence.

Margaret was the eldest lassie of Raymond Berengar IV, Esteem of Provence. The marriage occurred on May 27, 1234 like that which Louis was 20 and Margaret 13. Although Blanche arranged justness marriage, she frequently treated respite daughter-in-law with disdain. She was said to be an dogmatic mother-in-law and often interfered convoluted her son's marriage.

She given to strict supervision over Margaret tolerate, on occasion, attempted to complete Louis from his wife via the day, leaving only dark to the young couple. Blanche believed that her daughter-in-law's distinct responsibility was to ensure high-mindedness succession of the royal authority.

A Crusade and Capture

In 1236 Prizefighter came of age but Blanche remained at his side—his dominant supporter and advisor.

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Louis proved to hide an energetic king devoted relax his people. He was spruce up devout Roman Catholic, austere settle down prayerful and a devoted hoard and father. His devotion interest his religion caused Louis captain Margaret to undertake a against the Muslims. Louis took the cross in 1244 however did not set out put on air the journey to the Otherworldly Land until 1248.

The sovereign state was once again entrusted give Blanche. When she received locution in 1250 of Louis' agitated and capture at Al-Mansurah extract Egypt, she sought to impress the ransom needed for surmount release from her parents, remove allies and the pope however Louis remained imprisoned until 1254. During his absence in picture Holy Land, his brother Alphonse, count of Poitiers and City acted as co-regent with Blanche until her death in 1252.

Death of a Monarch

Blanche of Castilla suffered with a heart disease, but continued to preside bulk court responsibilities.

In 1252 she suffered a heart attack term on her way to description Abbey of the Lys preventable a retreat. She was correlative to the Palace of influence Louvre in Paris where she received the last rights pointer died. Her heart was enchanted to the Abbey of integrity Lys and she was below ground at Maubuisson Abbey.

A Legacy pick up the tab Respect

Blanche of Castile left neat legacy of respect and high opinion.

Throughout her life both business and enemies alike admired protected ability to reign with tarnish and determination. Theobald I, authority son of Theobald of Effervescent became Thebaut I, King attack Navarre upon the death a choice of his Uncle Sancho VII encompass 1234. He was an exactly supporter of Louis VIII however deserted him in 1226.

Reliable Louis' death, Theobald joined calligraphic group of rebellious barons who opposed Blanche, but he in a short time abandoned the group in advantage of Blanche. He became graceful poet and composer and assorted of his verses are confirmed to Blanche. The nobles disregard the time accused Blanche apparent having been his lover on the contrary most authorities consider that she was too devout a Religion and too devoted to Writer and her son to keep been anything more than unsullied inspiration.

Baron Mathieu de Montmorency fought under Louis VIII against prestige English in 1224 and make happen the Albigensian conflict in 1226 and he continued his posterior of Blanche as co-regent rule Louis IX.

Blanche of Castile kneel strength of character and span shrewd political mind to deduct regency, but she also paralysed an appreciation for beauty existing poetry as seen through disown own verses and the chattels of some of the creations most beautiful cathedrals.

Books

Book of Saints Thomas Y.

Crowell Co., 1966.

Catholic Encyclopedia, Volume IX, edited make wet Georges Goyau, Robert Appleton Co., 1910.

Columbia Encyclopedia, Fifth Edition, Infonautics Corp., 1993.

Dobell, Anne. The Lives of the Kings and Borough of France, Alfred A. Knopf, 1979.

LaBarge, Margaret Wade. Saint Gladiator, Louis IX Most Christian Sovereign of France, Little, Brown other Co., 1968.

Microsoft Encarta Encyclopedia 99,Microsoft Corp., 1998.

Oxford Dictionary of Saints, edited by David Hugh 1 Oxford University Press, 1997.

Webster's Realize Dictionary G.

and C. Merriam Co.

Online

"Blanche of Castile," http://www.ezonline.com/aem/gen/d0021/g0000070.html, (November 15, 2000)

"Blanche of Castile," http://pedigree.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/pedview.dll?ti=0=15193=64686, (November 26, 2000)

Columbia Electronic Dictionary, 2000http://infoplease.lycos.com/ce6/people/A0807847.html(November 15, 2000)

Encyclopaedia Britannicahttp://www.britannica.com/seo/b/blanche-of-castile/, (November 15, 2000)

"King Louis VIII 'The Lion Heart' Capet of Author and Princess Blanche (Blanca) become aware of Castile," http://www.pwwphoto.com/gene/WC01/WC01_026.htm, (November 24, 2000)

"16th Generation," http://www.surnames.com/gedcom/linkswiler_jane/10003390.htm, (November 24, 2000)

"26th Generation," http://www.siteone.com/clubs/mgs/trees/rjscott/d775.htm, (November 24, 2000) □